cpu: hardware processor, generally termed core (not logical CPU entity, no hyperthreading)

node: computing host

queue: scheduling of jobs on a partition/group of nodes

partition: a group of nodes with similar computing capabilities

task: process (threaded or non-threaded) running within a SLURM job context (does not need to do resource allocation)

allocation: reservation of resources for interactive/batch job

job: batch or interactive workload, consistion of one or several job steps (needs resource allocation)

step: single command as part of a job